Fratture e Lussazioni

Description

Volume 1

Chapter – 1 Principles

• Definitions and causes
• Factors affecting healing speed
• Complications of fractures
• Diagnosis: clinical and radiographic patterns
• Emergency management of fractures

Chapter – 2 Epiphyseal injuries and other childhood fractures

• General characteristics of paediatric fractures
• Mechanisms of epiphyseal injuries
• Prognostic factors
• Growth potential of the physes
• Clinical features of childhood fractures
• Treatment of epiphyseal separations by fracture type
• Other typical childhood fractures
• Diagnosis and treatment of the most common fractures in children

Chapter – 3 Cervical spine injuries

• Epidemiology
• Anatomical features
• Trauma mechanisms
• Emergency cervical immobilisation
• In the emergency department
• Acute trauma treatment
• Incomplete spinal cord injuries
• Other incomplete injuries
• Upper cervical spine injuries
• Fractures of C3–C7 vertebrae
• Rehabilitation of the patient with spinal cord injury
• Summary of acute trauma management

Chapter – 4 Fractures, dislocations and fracture-dislocations of the thoracic and lumbar spine

• Demography
• Anatomical features
• Trauma mechanisms and impact on stability
• Initial clinical assessment
• Indications for closed treatment
• Hyperflexion (wedge) fractures
• Compression fractures associated with osteoporosis
• Metastatic collapse vs osteoporotic fractures
• D1–D9 fractures with paraplegia: management
• Burst compression fractures
• Burst fractures with incomplete paraplegia
• Flexion-distraction (“seatbelt”) injuries
• Unstable flexion-rotation injuries – fracture-dislocations
• Other unstable flexion injuries – lateral bending fractures
• Isolated transverse process fractures (lumbar spine)
• Hyperextension trauma: extension fractures in ankylosed spine
• Shear hyperextension fracture-dislocations (“lumbar whiplash”)
• Hyperextension injuries causing acquired spondylolisthesis
• Direct trauma fractures and fracture-dislocations
• Complete lateral spinal dislocation without cord injury
• Other direct trauma fractures of the spine
• Rehabilitation after traumatic paraplegia

Chapter – 5 Pelvic fractures and dislocations

• Anatomical features
• Pelvic fractures
• Pelvic fracture-dislocation
• Pelvic dislocations
• Late-onset symptoms from unilateral sacroiliac structural disruption: treatment
• Lethal injuries in open pelvic fractures
• Retroperitoneal abscess: potentially lethal complication
• Summary of complications

Chapter – 6 Hip and acetabular dislocations and fracture-dislocations

• Mechanisms of hip dislocations and fracture-dislocations
• Acetabular fractures

Chapter – 7 Femoral fractures

• Femoral neck fractures
• Greater trochanter fractures
• Lesser trochanter fractures
• Intertrochanteric fractures
• Subtrochanteric fractures
• Femoral shaft fractures
• Supracondylar and distal third femur fractures
• Unicondylar femoral fractures
• Complications of femoral shaft fractures
• Treatment of residual stiffness
• Other issues in femoral fractures

Chapter – 8 Traumatic soft tissue injuries and bony lesions of the knee

• Static and dynamic stabilising structures
• Traumatic ligament injuries
• Knee fractures and fracture-dislocations
• Open intra-articular traumatic injuries
• Tibial condyle and tibial plateau fractures and fracture-dislocations
• Stress fractures in the elderly knee: a cause of acute knee pain

Chapter – 9 Tibia and fibula fractures

• Tibial shaft fractures
• Isolated fibular shaft fractures
• Stress fractures of tibia and fibula

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Volume 2

Chapter – 10 Midfoot injuries: sprains, dislocations and fractures

• Anatomical features and trauma mechanisms
• Midfoot sprains
• Midfoot fractures
• Midfoot dislocations
• Complications

Chapter – 11 Fractures and fracture-dislocations of the foot bones

• Talus fractures and dislocations
• Calcaneus fractures
• Navicular fractures and fracture-dislocations
• Cuboid and cuneiform fractures
• Midtarsal joint dislocations and fracture-dislocations
• Tarsometatarsal dislocations and fracture-dislocations
• Phalangeal fractures

Chapter – 12 Fractures and dislocations of the shoulder complex

• Fractures and dislocations of the shoulder complex
• Dislocations and subluxations

Chapter – 13 Humerus fractures

• Causative mechanisms
• Humeral shaft fractures
• Complications of humeral fractures

Chapter – 14 Fractures and dislocations around the elbow

• Distal humerus fractures
• Vascular and nerve complications associated with elbow fractures and dislocations
• Adult supracondylar and intercondylar humerus fractures
• Adult capitellum fractures
• Elbow dislocations
• Traumatic myositis ossificans
• Other fractures, dislocations and internal elbow lesions

Chapter – 15 Diaphyseal fractures of the forearm bones

• Epidemiology in adults (over 17 years)
• Anatomical considerations
• General treatment considerations

Chapter – 16 Fractures and dislocations around the radius

• Distal radius fractures: Colles, Smith and Barrton fractures
• Radial styloid process fractures
• Traumatic distal ulna dislocation/subluxation (with or without associated fracture)
• Carpal fractures and dislocations: general principles
• Scaphoid fractures
• Lunate and perilunate dislocations and subluxations
• Other carpal dislocations and subluxations
• Carpal bone fractures
• Neurological complications of carpal injuries

Chapter – 17 Hand fractures and dislocations

• Applied anatomy
• Basic principles of treatment for fractures and hand injuries
• Thumb dislocations and fracture-dislocations
• Finger fractures, dislocations and fracture-dislocations
• Open hand dislocations
• Interphalangeal joint injuries